What Is Productivity Particular To A Cell?

The plot of N.PCD (normalized specific productivity – picogram per cell per day) vs. N.GL (normalized values of one type of glycosylated species) for different clones for the antibodies Ab1 and Ab3. Both show a similar general trend indicating an increase in N.GL with increasing specific productivity. This independent validation confirms that the cell specific productivity of stationary phase CHO cells can be predicted from gene expression measurements and is typically achieved by determining the overall product titer by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). To characterize the cellular medium requirement, cell specific perfusion rate (CSPR) is typically considered. Cell specific productivity is a function of various cellular processes including gene transcription, mRNA stability, translation, glycosylation, polypeptide folding, ER-associated degradation, and inter.

Optimising growth, titre, and specific productivity of therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) has long been an area of interest in the pharmaceutical industry. The vast majority of improvements to date can be attributed to process intensification through increasing volumetric productivity and converting traditional fed-batch processes to continuous manufacturing (CM). A frequently investigated physiological parameter of recombinant cell culture processes is specific productivity (qP), which quantifies the rate of protein expression.

In a perfusion cell culture process, productivity/titer can be influenced by differences in cell density or cell-specific perfusion rate. Since cell viability and mAb titer decreased notably on the last day of cultivation, specific cell productivity was only calculated up until day 3. The cell-specific recombinant protein production rate (qP) is a function of the relative rates of a diverse variety of cellular processes.

What is the specific productivity of a cell?

Cell-specific productivity (Qp) is calculated by determining the growth rate (μ) and volumetric productivity (P), where N is the viable cell density, t is the cultivation time, and P is the volumetric productivity. This methodology is employed in a multitude of industrial sectors, including agriculture, with the objective of optimizing cell growth and yield.

What is cell productivity?

The biopharmaceutical industry is facing increasing pressure to develop high-yielding, mammalian cell-based production systems due to the increasing demand for recombinant therapeutic proteins. Current efforts involve screening clonal derivatives rather than directed genetic or metabolic engineering. However, the advent of systems biology has created new tools that will inform future engineering strategies by understanding the genetic/regulatory and metabolic networks that determine the functional competence of mammalian cell factories in vitro.

Recent systems-level studies use genome-scale analytical tools to analyze key production process characteristics such as high cell-specific productivity, correct product processing, and rapid cell proliferation in the in vitro environment. High-throughput -omic technologies are also used to investigate how mammalian cell factories respond to environmental and metabolic perturbation. The production of recombinant proteins by the biopharmaceutical industry is projected to serve a global market with a projected size of USD$70 billion by 2010.

The sustained rapid growth of this sector is driven by the relatively high success rate of recombinant protein drugs in trials, with biopharmaceuticals expected to constitute at least 30 of the total pharmaceutical market by 2015.

What is the formula for specific productivity in cell culture?

This study evaluates the effects of PowerFeed A on growth kinetics, productivity, and cellular metabolism in Chinese hamster ovary cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies. Supplemented cultures increased the integral viable cell density of CRL-12444 and CRL-12445 cells by 2. 4 and 1. 6 times, respectively, through extension of culture time and increment of maximal cell concentration. Product titer increased 1. 9 and 2. 5 times for CRL-12444 and CRL-12445 cells, respectively, without changes in growth rate and specific productivity.

Feed supplementation stimulated full consumption of glucose and free glutamine and reduced 10 times lactate accumulation, while ammonium, sodium, and potassium remained at similar concentrations at the end of the culture. About 44 percent of calcium, mainly provided by feed, was consumed by both cell lines. Maximizing cellular growth, viability, and protein titer through feeding encourages extending its use to other cell lines and exploring novel combinations with other basal mediums or feeds.

A thorough investigation of its impact on protein quality and molecular mechanisms behind these effects will allow designing effective feeds and strategies to rationally optimize protein production in the biomanufacturing industry.

What is cell-specific productivity perfusion?

The Mobius ® Breez Microbioreactor is a small-scale solution for intensified perfusion development, capable of reliably predicting large-scale performance attributes. It offers high automation and features functionalities of a perfusion bioreactor system, including the cell retention filter. The system can run four independently controlled bioreactors with a 2 mL working volume each, enabling accelerated development timelines and increased efficiency in perfusion screening during cell line development, media screening and optimization, and early process development steps.

Advantages of the Mobius ® Breez Microbioreactor include accelerated perfusion media development timelines by up to 50, high-quality data comparable to larger-scale bioreactors, replacement of small- and mid-scale steps in the conventional media development workflow, reduction in media and reagent costs by up to 1000x, and reduced number of confirmation runs needed during media development.

What is titer in cell culture?

Titer is defined as a measure of the concentration of a specific antibody in an antiserum, utilized to ascertain the optimal dilution for antigen detection. The aforementioned functionality is employed by ScienceDirect for the following purposes: shopping cart, contact and support, terms and conditions, and privacy policy. The site employs the use of cookies, and all rights are reserved for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

How to calculate cell productivity?

Productivity is a crucial measure in bio-therapeutics development, aiming to increase the target protein output of cells. This can have a positive financial impact on manufacturers, as it can enable fewer production runs, reduce costs, and increase the production of sellable products, increasing revenue. Increased upstream productivity is measured in various ways, including titer, productivity, and yield. The typical financial analysis of increased protein is typically measured in weight, as most products are sold in dry form in vials.

Titer is the most common measurement used during bioprocess development, defined as the amount or protein per volume, typically represented in grams/liter. It can be measured using various methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 280 nm readings, which are now part of many HPLC or quick read systems. The 280 nm measurement can be performed from bulk product, directly on an HPLC run, or the desired protein may be purified prior to quantitation.

Productivity measures the amount of protein made per viable cell at a single titer point, calculated by dividing the titer by the viable cell density (VCD or cells/ml). This measurement is represented as the amount of protein per cell, for example mg/cell. A more conservative measure of productivity is Qp. Understanding the different ways protein output is measured and choosing the correct method of measurement is essential for successful bio-therapeutics development.

What is the difference between titer and titre?

Titer is a term used to express concentration in analytical procedures, often used in conjunction with serial dilution to obtain approximate quantitative information. It corresponds to the highest dilution factor that still yields a positive reading. For instance, positive readings in the first eight serial, twofold dilutions translate into a titer of 1:256. Titres can also be expressed by the denominator only, such as 1:256 written 256. The term has two conflicting meanings: in titration, it represents the ratio of actual to nominal concentration of a titrant, compensating for possible degradation of the titrant solution.

In textile engineering, it is also a synonym for linear density. Titer has its origins in the French word “title”, meaning “title” but referring to the documented purity of a substance, often gold or silver.

What is the purpose of a titer?

Blood titer measurements are crucial in medical diagnosis and treatment, as they indicate a person’s immunity to diseases like measles, chickenpox, and hepatitis, as well as harmful antibodies related to autoimmune diseases like lupus. These titer measurements are expressed as a ratio, such as 1:40. The study by Aoyagi et al. highlights the importance of understanding immunoassays and immunochemistry in diagnosing and managing diseases using laboratory methods.

What is meant by cell production?

Cell production is a method that combines the benefits of production line and job shop production by using the flow principle internally and the shop floor principle to arrange manufacturing cells. This allows for easy scaling of production capacity, resulting in high flexibility and adaptability for demanding work tasks. Block layouts are useful for factory planning and cost-utility analysis can be used to evaluate layout variants.

What is cell based production?

Cellular manufacturing is a lean production method that focuses on a sequential arrangement of work stations and equipment, ensuring a smooth flow of materials and components through the production process. This approach is often the first major shift in production activity, enabling increased production velocity, flexibility, and reduced capital requirements. Instead of processing multiple parts before moving them to the next machine or process step, cellular manufacturing moves products one-piece at a time, determined by customer needs.

This approach allows companies to vary product types or features on the production line in response to specific customer demands. The one-piece flow method includes analytical techniques for assessing current operations and designing new cell-based manufacturing layouts, which can shorten cycle times and changeover times. To implement cellular design, organizations must replace large, high-volume production machines with smaller, flexible machines that fit well in the cell. Equipment must also be modified to stop and signal when a cycle is complete or when problems occur using autonomation (or jidoka).

What is cell specific productivity perfusion?

The Mobius ® Breez Microbioreactor is a small-scale solution for intensified perfusion development, capable of reliably predicting large-scale performance attributes. It offers high automation and features functionalities of a perfusion bioreactor system, including the cell retention filter. The system can run four independently controlled bioreactors with a 2 mL working volume each, enabling accelerated development timelines and increased efficiency in perfusion screening during cell line development, media screening and optimization, and early process development steps.

Advantages of the Mobius ® Breez Microbioreactor include accelerated perfusion media development timelines by up to 50, high-quality data comparable to larger-scale bioreactors, replacement of small- and mid-scale steps in the conventional media development workflow, reduction in media and reagent costs by up to 1000x, and reduced number of confirmation runs needed during media development.