What Constitutes Normal And Abnormal Growth In Children And Adolescents?

This summary discusses the concept of typical and atypical development in children, focusing on psychosocial, cognitive, sociocultural, and social learning theories. It defines typical development as following predictable milestones, while atypical development is reaching milestones earlier or later. Atypical development can be characterized by behaviors that fall outside the normal range of development, such as global developmental delay, slowing down growth in other areas of a child’s life, and showing inappropriate behavior in public and at home.

The summary also highlights the importance of understanding the developmental stages from birth to 18 years old, which are divided into five periods. Healthcare providers expect children to meet certain developmental milestones at each stage. Inappropriate behavior in public and at home, such as masturbating, is considered atypical development.

The summary also covers topics such as attachment, sibling and peer relations, self and identity, gender development, play, and media. It also discusses emotions, temperament, personality, moral, prosocial, and antisocial development in childhood and highlights the impact of adversity early in a child’s life on their cognitive development.

The summary concludes by highlighting the differences between typical and atypical development, emphasizing the importance of understanding the differences in a child’s development and the potential delays in attaining developmental milestones. The summary provides an accessible introduction to the key theoretical perspectives and methodologies in developmental psychology, offering a comprehensive understanding of the core issues related to child and adolescent cognitive development.

What is the typical and atypical development of a child?

A child’s development may be considered atypical when a specific skill is not acquired at the appropriate developmental stage. This can result in a range of potential issues, including developmental delays, disabilities, and other concerns that are commonly observed in typically developing children.

What is the meaning of typical and atypical?

The term “typical” is used to describe behaviors that are generally expected in a given context. For instance, one might expect that houses in a typical suburban town would be neat and well-maintained. In contrast, the term “atypical” is used to describe phenomena that deviate from the norm, such as a town populated by zombies. The term “atypical” is synonymous with “unusual,” yet it conveys a more objective quality, implying a precise delineation of typical behavior. “Unusual” is a more informal term and is typically used in non-scientific contexts.

What is typical behavior in child development?

Adults often find children’s behaviors interesting and engaging, but some may be challenging. Infants may fuss or cry despite adults’ efforts, while toddlers may hit, bite, fall, cry, kick, whine, or say “no”. Preschoolers may argue or fight over toys, struggle to follow directions, or become overly aggressive. These behaviors are developmentally appropriate and change with support and social, emotional, and cognitive development.

Some children need more help managing strong emotions or disruptive behaviors, which can negatively impact their social, emotional, and cognitive development if not received early. Programs can support children who need help by developing and using an Individual Support Plan (ISP).

All behavior is a form of communication, with form being the behavior used to communicate. Young children provide cues to help adults understand their wants and needs, while function is the reason for the behavior from the child’s perspective. Programs can help children who need help by developing and using an ISP.

What do you mean by typical and atypical?

The term “typical” is used to describe behaviors that are generally expected in a given context. For instance, one might expect that houses in a typical suburban town would be neat and well-maintained. In contrast, the term “atypical” is used to describe phenomena that deviate from the norm, such as a town populated by zombies. The term “atypical” is synonymous with “unusual,” yet it conveys a more objective quality, implying a precise delineation of typical behavior. “Unusual” is a more informal term and is typically used in non-scientific contexts.

What is an example of typical child development?

Early years are crucial for a child’s health and wellbeing, as they are the time when they experience the greatest rate of development. This period, including gross motor skills, fine motor skills, speech and language, cognitive and intellectual skills, and social and emotional skills, is never repeated. The first five years of life are critical in brain development, as connections in the brain are made throughout life, and the rapid pace of brain development in these early years is never repeated.

What are the examples of atypical development in adolescence?

Substance abuse has been linked to notable alterations in sleep patterns, appetite, and weight, as well as an increase in lying and deceitful behaviors. Such consequences may result in academic and legal ramifications, diminished capacity for decision-making, communication difficulties, decline in academic performance, and a reduction in interest in enjoyable activities.

Is autism typical or atypical development?

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by atypical cognitive, social, emotional, and perceptual functioning. Patients with ASD exhibit atypical perceptual and information processing in the auditory, visual, and tactile domains. However, the detailed characteristics of this atypical sensory functioning have not been fully elucidated. Recent research into sensory processing in individuals with ASD has used various neuropsychological and neurophysiological techniques.

Electroencephalography studies have reported atypical electrophysiological findings during sensory processing of visual, auditory, and tactile stimulation in individuals with ASD. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have begun to elucidate the neural areas underlying these characteristic differences in sensory functioning. Several approaches, including environmental design and support for parents and teachers, have been developed to understand and respond to atypical sensory characteristics associated with ASD. Increasing understanding of the neurobiological processes underlying sensory problems in patients with ASD will aid the development of new treatment approaches.

What is an example of atypical behavior?

Self-injurious behavior is characterized by repetitive, seemingly driven, and nonfunctional motor behavior that interferes with normal activities or results in self-inflicted bodily injury that requires medical treatment. If Mental Retardation is present, the behavior is of sufficient severity to become a focus of treatment. The behavior is not better accounted for by a compulsion, a tic, a stereotypy part of a Pervasive Developmental Disorder, or hair pulling.

It is not due to the direct effects of a substance or a general medical condition. The behavior persists for 4 weeks or longer. To address self-injurious behavior, individuals should increase awareness of the habit, teach a competing response to engage in when they feel like they are about to engage in the habit, and help sustain compliance and motivation.

What are examples of atypical behavior?

Self-injurious behavior is characterized by repetitive, seemingly driven, and nonfunctional motor behavior that interferes with normal activities or results in self-inflicted bodily injury that requires medical treatment. If Mental Retardation is present, the behavior is of sufficient severity to become a focus of treatment. The behavior is not better accounted for by a compulsion, a tic, a stereotypy part of a Pervasive Developmental Disorder, or hair pulling.

It is not due to the direct effects of a substance or a general medical condition. The behavior persists for 4 weeks or longer. To address self-injurious behavior, individuals should increase awareness of the habit, teach a competing response to engage in when they feel like they are about to engage in the habit, and help sustain compliance and motivation.

What is the difference between atypical and typical?

Antipsychotic medications are prescribed for the treatment of various mental health conditions, which can be classified into two main categories: typical and atypical. Typical antipsychotics exert a more pronounced effect on dopamine, thereby elevating the likelihood of movement-related adverse effects. Conversely, atypical antipsychotics are more frequently prescribed.

What is a typical adolescent?

Typical teen behavior includes spending more time with friends, less time with family, and spending more time alone. It may also involve trying out different personal styles and changing hobbies. These behaviors can be confusing and frustrating for adults, but they often indicate growth towards adulthood. Problem behavior is an extreme form of common or typical behaviors, and it may indicate a need for professional help.