Does Criminality Result From Poor Parenting?

Studies have shown a correlation between bad parenting and child delinquency, with bad parenting being considered the root cause of future offending. Factors such as harsh discipline, overprotective parents, less attachment between child and parents, and parental rejection are often considered as contributing factors. In a series of meta-analyses, the authors analyze which parenting dimensions are related to delinquency and identify moderators.

Approximately 12% of white and black men had a parent who had been arrested or charged with a crime by 1995. Black men had higher caregiver-reported rates. The authors test two rival theories: low self-control and differential association and social learning, and their competing accounts of why bad parenting matters.

Highly disadvantaged young men and women are not as likely as more advantaged young adults to demonstrate lower levels of criminal behavior after becoming parents. Bad parenting would be a crime if parents did not instill healthy values such as respect, responsibility, hard work, and compassion. Feeding children is another issue.

The authors address three issues: Gottfredson and Hirschi’s key proposition that “bad” parenting affects juvenile criminal thinking, and the general theory of crime and the meaning of bad parenting. They also test propositions central to these theories that address why bad parenting is a potential cause of crime.

Bad parenting does not refer to a particular behavior or action but a chain of destructive acts that may damage the overall child’s development. Even within intact two-parent families, serious parental conflict can have negative effects. The research on “bad” parenting as a cause of crime is experiencing a subtle yet salient shift in its empirical emphasis.


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What are the effects of harsh parenting?

The use of harsh parenting techniques, such as shouting or hitting children, has been linked to increased symptoms of hyperactivity, inattention, and emotional problems in children aged five and seven. This is consistent with previous research indicating that harsh parenting practices have a negative impact on children’s mental health. Parents of children with higher conduct problems and emotional issues are more likely to increase their harsh parenting in the following year. This suggests that harsh parenting may have a negative self-perpetuating loop, increasing children’s mental health problems and subsequently leading to further harsh parenting practices.

What are the consequences of irresponsible parenthood?

Bad parenting can lead to negative outcomes for children, including relationship troubles, depression, anxiety, and aggression. These effects are a result of ongoing patterns of negative behavior. It’s common to question whether you’re a bad parent, especially after a rough day. However, worrying about making the right parenting choices is a sign that you’re not actually a bad parent. Focusing on making the right choices can help children develop positive relationships and reduce the risk of negative outcomes.

What are the results of poor parenting?

Parental involvement is crucial for a child’s academic success and cognitive development. Indifference or lack of support can hinder cognitive growth and learning. Research shows that authoritarian parenting has a negative relationship with educational success and career. The effects of bad parenting can be intergenerational, perpetuating a cycle of dysfunction. Children of bad parents may struggle to provide a healthy environment for their offspring, perpetuating a cycle of dysfunction. Intervention is needed to break this cycle.

What is the most damaging parenting style?
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What is the most damaging parenting style?

Neglectful parenting not only impacts cognitive and academic aspects but also has long-term mental health consequences for children. Children raised in neglectful environments may experience low self-confidence, increased risk of depression, and mental health issues like anxiety, depression, substance use disorders, and eating disorders. Physical abuse is often considered the first thought, but emotional abuse and neglect can have more significant impacts on a child’s development than physical or sexual abuse.

Research suggests that children who have experienced neglect may experience trauma levels similar to those who suffer from physical abuse. Both neglect and physical abuse can have enduring effects on a child’s socio-emotional well-being.

Does strict parenting do more harm than good?
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Does strict parenting do more harm than good?

Strict parenting can hinder children’s development of self-discipline and responsibility. Harsh limits may temporarily control behavior, but they do not help children learn self-regulation. Self-discipline develops from the internalization of loving limits, which are not empathic. Children reject limits that are not empathic, seeing the “locus of control” outside of themselves. Authoritarian parenting, based on fear, teaches kids to bully. Children learn what they live and what they model, and if they do what you want because they fear you, it is different from bullying.

Punitive discipline can lead to tendencies towards anger and depression, as it makes it clear that part of them is not acceptable and that parents are not there to help them cope. This leaves children lonely, trying to figure out how to overcome their “lesser” impulses.

What are the disadvantages of bad parenting?
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What are the disadvantages of bad parenting?

Poor parenting can have significant emotional and psychological consequences on children, leading to academic underachievement, inadequate social skills, a cycle of abuse and neglect, increased risk of substance abuse, mental health issues in adulthood, and criminal behavior. Children raised in households with neglect, abuse, or inconsistency in caregiving often experience low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which can persist into adulthood.

Behavioral problems in children can also result from poor parenting practices, such as aggression, defiance, and conduct disorders. These issues can manifest at home, in school, and within the community, leading to academic difficulties, social isolation, and legal troubles. Without effective parenting, children may struggle to develop self-control and impulse management necessary for success in various areas of life.

In conclusion, poor parenting can have far-reaching and detrimental effects on children and society. It is crucial for parents to provide proper guidance, boundaries, and discipline to help their children develop the self-control and impulse management necessary for success in various areas of life.

What are the effects of negative parents?
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What are the effects of negative parents?

Research shows that negative parental affect has adverse effects on children’s social-emotional, academic, and behavioral functioning, and is an early childhood risk factor for the development of externalizing and internalizing problems in children and adolescents. Fathers are increasingly involved in the family, and increased access to parental leave for fathers is enhancing paternal involvement. However, mothers are less likely to be employed after the birth of their children and tend to spend more time caring for their children than fathers, possibly in response to societal expectations and gender stereotypes. Gender-dependent qualities may increase the likelihood that mothers and fathers will treat their children differently.

Most research on gender differences in parenting has involved traditional families, with male and female biological parents, and more importantly, with mothers as the parents most concerned with caregiving responsibilities (i. e., primary caregivers) and fathers as secondary caregivers. It is unclear whether behavioral differences between mothers and fathers are attributable to gender or to the caregiving role. This study explored the relative importance of gender and caregiving role in shaping differences between mothers’ and fathers’ levels of infant-directed positive and negative affect.

Positive and negative affect are related to parents’ emotional availability, which provides feedback on how the parents perceive the child. The expression of appropriate emotions may play a key role in effective parenting by activating, engaging, and regulating positive interactions with children. However, when parents experience too strong emotions, this can undermine effective parenting by leading them to express negative emotions instead of behaving in a pedagogically effective way, with less optimal child outcomes as a consequence.

How toxic parents can affect you?

Parents who are toxic to their children often engage in excessive criticism, directing their attention to their children’s flaws and mistakes rather than offering support and encouragement. Such relentless criticism can result in feelings of inadequacy, which in turn can negatively impact self-esteem and confidence.

What is toxic parenting style?

A toxic parent is a term that refers to a parent who consistently causes guilt, fear, or obligation in their children, shaping their life through patterns of behavior. These parents are human beings, and they may make mistakes or unintentionally harm their children. However, their focus is on their own needs, often leading to ongoing or progressive abuse or neglect. They may not apologize or admit their actions are wrong, and their impulse is to do better and make things right.

What happens when parents are too strict with their children?

Strict parenting can lead to more behavioral problems and less initiative in children, as well as a higher likelihood of raising disrespectful and delinquent children. While strict parents may temporarily enforce their rules, over-strict parenting can create negative outcomes. Authoritarian parenting, which is strict and rigid, is often associated with negative outcomes, as it is often “because I said so” and is not open to discussion or hearing the child’s point of view. Therefore, it is crucial for parents to be mindful of their parenting style and approach to ensure their children’s well-being.

Are strict parents better or worse?
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Are strict parents better or worse?

Strict parenting is often believed to produce better-behaved children, but studies show that it actually leads to lower self-esteem and worse behavior. Strict parenting deprives children of the opportunity to internalize self-discipline and responsibility, which is essential for developing self-discipline. Harsh limits may temporarily control behavior, but they do not help children learn to self-regulate. Instead, they trigger resistance to taking responsibility for themselves.

Self-discipline develops from the internalization of loving limits, and children reject limits that aren’t empathic. Authoritarian parenting, based on fear, teaches kids to bully, as they learn what they live and what they model. Both strict and authoritarian parenting can lead to behavior problems in children, as they see the “locus of control” outside of themselves rather than wanting to behave.


📹 10 Psychological Factors Linked to Bad Parenting

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Does Criminality Result From Poor Parenting?
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Rae Fairbanks Mosher

I’m a mother, teacher, and writer who has found immense joy in the journey of motherhood. Through my blog, I share my experiences, lessons, and reflections on balancing life as a parent and a professional. My passion for teaching extends beyond the classroom as I write about the challenges and blessings of raising children. Join me as I explore the beautiful chaos of motherhood and share insights that inspire and uplift.

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17 comments

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  • So much truth in this! Deep down, my parents loved me, as I think most parents do, but unfortunately they treated me badly often, but with the conviction they were ultimately doing the right thing. It didn’t work. I am working through this now, having made good headway with my long-time depression. I self-harmed as a kid and was generally very unloving toward myself. Certainly my parents didn’t help, probably they caused much of my hell. I think it’s important though to understand that there is ultimately no one to blame. This is where I think traditional therapy (Freud, Jung) reaches it’s useful limit. I have to accept what has happened and take any and all positives and work to heal myself. 🙂

  • I’ve been in therapy for over 2 years because my parents did the best they could, but they were not ready to be parents… I hope that IF I have a family ill be able to raise them, like yours raised you.. You are so lucky my friend.. That’s why sharing the positive message on life in your website, helps those who didn’t have the foundation you did… Keep being a role model, both in physical and mental health xXx

  • Great vid Brian!My son had a friend who became my Step-son. Kyle was emotionally abused by his Father because his Mom died in childbirth. I attended my son & Kyle’s sporting & school events all through junior & high school. In college years Kyle would live with me & my son at breaks & summer. My son & Kyle are great young men & I’m so blessed to have them in my life. At college graduation Kyle delivered a commencement speech and thanked me for being a “Father” to him. I was so overcome with emotions & so proud of him. Happy to say that Kyle and his Father have started working on their relationship. I hope & pray that my son & Kyle will be great parents when they have children. Thanks for bring up this topic Brian-being a parent has been the most rewarding thing in my life. Keep up the great work!

  • Great vid – this does need to be said in this day, you’ve said it well. My wife use to work in a Pupil Referal Unit – a place where children go once kicked out of mainstream education to complete compulsory education. The parents were not too poor to care, in fact some were well off but gave absolutely no time or encouragement to get their children to help them get back on track. I also saw this when i was teaching for 5 years in a secondary school, the parents just had absolutely no idea how to parent. Ultimately is was the child that suffered and the children that were around them.

  • i had a good upbringing. My parents got divorced and i gained a stepdad who turned out to be a better dad to me than my real dad. I was always taken care of and never had a worry growing up and i have 2 kids now and im trying to give them that sense of security where they dint have to deal with worries like food, shelter, toys, and love and me and my wife want to do everything possible to keep our marriage great so our kids dont grow up in a broken home. i believe no one is ever really ready for a kid til you have one and to be a good parent you have to sacrifice things to provide them the best childhood possible because you only get one childhood. I keep my kids in line and teach them about saying i love you to people they care about and hugs and kisses because i want my kids to grow up knowing their dad was a good provider, protector, and loving father

  • every single thing you said (bad parenting) plus more happened to me, i now have children and they are my everything and i show them along with my husband all day every day all our love . i am very happy you made this one of your topics. you may not know the ugly side you may not be a parent right now but what you said is the truth. if i were in a dark place as a parent right now and i stumbled upon your website I’d listen to you even if my pride and all my being wanted to keep feeling the hurt because you are a kind being who makes me feel like … awesomely positive. sometimes we get so hurt as children we cant let go, we want to be validated. people try to help but we can be defensive we don’t realize we hurt others because like you said it’s engrained . I’m all over the place with my comment, just thank you for sharing your positive energy we need more of it, more love so our ears will want to receive the message . i was blessed to be taken in by a family that loved me no matter how much i pushed them away, I’m thankful for people who want to help God bless you ✌FROM Chicago

  • Here’s the thing… my parents did just about the worst job possible. I’m 23 now and I’ve been working on myself and seeing a psychologist regularly since I was 16. I was asked recently how I got from where I was as a child to here and why I’m not bitter. I’m not bitter because that would ruin my life. There’s no advantage to bitterness, it will eat you. On the kids front, my sister and I have 0% interest in having children. I’ve just stumbled upon your website. Thanks for the article, clearly several years too late on my part haha.

  • Dang this hits close to home, I still currently live with my parents but I can relate to the bad parenting aspect, as both my parents work full time, with my mum also being an alcoholic, I am often ignored and they don’t have the time to help or listen to me, I am also usually on the recieveing end of their anger towards each other and had to sleep outside on a number of occasions, shits hard to deal with but I’m sure if/when I have children I will treat them differently, being treated badly by your parents, the few people who should care for you the most, it’s seriously soul crushing,

  • A related matter … I know parents whose children have grown up, left home, gotten married, and had families of their own. Then I hear these “empty nesters” constantly complaining that their children rarely call, never visit, and rarely let the grandkids spend time with their grandparents. But then I also recall that when the elderly parents were young and were raising their children, they disliked and disrespected their own parents, and rarely visited them and almost never took their kids to visit their grandparents. Children see how their parents treat their own parents (and also their other relatives, such as aunts and uncles), and if they don’t call them, don’t visit them, speak badly about them in front of their kids, then their own children will grow up and treat their parents the same way. (It’s kind of funny that the empty nesters who complain bitterly about their ungrateful, uncaring children never realize that it’s their own fault, and that they taught their children to act the way they do.) Parents should always be respectful and caring towards their own parents in front of their children, and they should make a habit of taking their kids one evening a week over to their grandparents’ house for dinner and an evening of conversation and perusal TV. If they do that, then when their kids grow up and have children, they will come weekly to visit and a bond will develop between the grandparents and grandchildren. The point is, if your children turn out to be ungrateful rotters, it’s almost certainly your own fault.

  • im a social work major in college and a huge aspect of bad parenting is that people raise kids when they are still kids. they are not mentally fully developed nor have the life experiences to know better. its still no excuse, but the way to avoid unintended pregnancies is through education, both advocacy and remaining in school for those who are at-risk.

  • Being a women who is recently going through a break up. The part about if someone is a bad parent it does affect their child directly in the way that they don’t learn compassion for other people. So I related a lot with this article. I do however feel like parenting is only a piece of the whole. Yes someone being parented badly does affect them, but they don’t have to live their whole live in a woe-is-me pitty party. Anyways, this article was a pleasant surprise and you are one of my inspirations in regards to vegan body building. Keep up the good work cause you’re awesome.

  • So true Brian. Gotta break cycles of low self-esteem that start in childhood. And people shouldn’t have children until they are ready to put their children first, until they’ve gotten all of their life goals fulfilled as much as they can and are ready to be basically selfless and exist through emotions like love and nurturing rather than through experiences and material accumulation. And then they should consider adopting, because there are already tons of kids in the world who need love now, and if loving and nurturing someone is what they’re really ready to do, they should be able to love and nurture a child who needs love, not need to create a new one. Just my opinion. Thanks for the feels

  • I try not to repeat the things I did not appreciate growing up. I try to imitate Christ and apply Love constantly. When my kids are wild I don’t yell and hit, instead stop and later discuss issues. I understand they never asked to be here and I am responsible for their future thought process. Empathy, compassion and kindness in all things. They seem to be raiding out well. This article is way to short to cover the extent of the subject at hand. Great Job in the little time you had. Thumbs up God bless you man.

  • lol 🙁 My parents did put me on a plane to my aunt and uncle, because of their situation. But it doesn’t really matter. Our destiny is shaped by all levels of organization, from all those within: down to the source of all energies, to all those without: family, neighborhood, community, municipality, province or state, country, nation, continent, Earth, and beyond. Each level adds its own hyper-dimensional twist (coriolis), guiding our path, defining the meaning of, and providing a purpose for, everything. To focus on any sub set of those levels of organization as a cause or effect is to ignore the significance of the whole universe. The universe is the cause and it is the effect.

  • Here’s a question for you. When is the right time have children ? Personally I want to achieve my main goals first so I can tell my kids “You see that ? Your daddy achieved that. If you can believe it, you can achieve it !” – A girlfriend of mine dropped out of college because she wanted children and move out of her parents house. She got pregnant at the age of 20. Now she just lives for her children and she gave up on her dreams. We all knew she could have become something great… Don’t get me wrong she’s a great parent but isn’t she setting a bad example for her children? I know alot of people are rushing into this, no idea why though.

  • I think you need to give people a little more credit. People do have autonomy, they aren’t solely victims of subconscious/engrained/childhood experiences. I think as well that until you can study human psychology at an advanced level or have become a parent yourself, it’s unfair for you to make statements on parenting. Some parents don’t have the choices to be as loving, available, dedicated to their kids, especially when it comes to money and being able to afford what they’d love to give to their kids. All parents do their best, and people will always do what they believe is best for themselves no matter what. That’s just the human condition. So you’re giving a false dichotomy of parenting here. No one dreams of having a kid and giving it a poor life. Abortions aren’t accessible everywhere, people have their own problems…. Just so many factors go into this, you just can’t limit it the way that you have in this article.

  • Let’s sign you up, get you a coach, get you a personal trainer… Wow, privileged much? Lol I know you admitted to being raised ‘Disney’ (not sure if that’s entirely true) but just because a parent doesn’t run out and break the bank for his/her child’s every interest doesn’t mean they don’t care. Pretty pretentious to even make such a statement. It’s quite possible you end up doing just as much damage by fiscally spoiling them and blowing up their ego. It goes both ways; there is too much doting, and not enough. It’s right in the middle. Glass houses.

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