What Role Does Pc Play In Explaining How Parenting Methods Evolve?

This chapter provides a structured overview of existing parenting literature to develop an evidence-based framework to clarify different parental styles. Parenting style is a multidimensional construct encompassing diverse aspects of parenting rather than a single one. A cluster analysis based on two parenting dimensions (parental support and behavioral control) revealed four congruent parenting styles: authoritative, positive authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive.

Parenting styles reflect variations in the attitudes and practices of parents and comprise discrete parenting behaviors. Schaefer (1959, 1965) proposed a circumplex parenting model using three dimensions of acceptance versus rejection, psychological autonomy versus. Parenting style defines a global climate in the home and influences children’s development and emotional ties.

Authoritarian parenting is characterized by high levels of control and strict rules, with little room for negotiation or discussion. Permissive parenting is characterized by parents who are responsive to their children but lack rules and discipline.

Internet parenting styles are defined and operationalized to study the impact on actual Internet usage of children at home. Baumrind discovered distinct parenting styles based on the high/low level of communication and the high/low level of standards parents expressed for their children. Authoritarian parents provide strict rules and a structured environment for their children, more focused on compliance and enforcing the rules.

The purpose of the study was to ascertain the dominant parenting styles of parents in the study area and their influence on children’s social development.

Whose theory is parenting style?

Diana Baumrind, a clinical and developmental psychologist, identified three parenting styles: authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive/indulgent. The support and demandingness of a caregiver are crucial in determining the appropriate parenting style.

Authoritative parenting is characterized by high expectations, communication, warmth, and responsiveness, using reasoning rather than coercion to guide children’s behavior. This “tender teacher” approach is considered the most optimal parenting style in western cultures. Parents who use this style are supportive, show interest in their children’s activities, but are not overbearing and allow constructive mistakes. Children whose parents use the authoritative style are generally happy, capable, and successful.

In conclusion, the parenting style used significantly impacts a child’s future success in romantic, peer, and parenting relationships.

How does technology affect parenting styles?

The chapter explores the factors that influence parents’ mediate roles, which can lead to conflict or lack thereof. The generational difference in parents’ knowledge and use of technology is a key factor, as children grow up with more knowledge, leading to “reverse mediation” and a shift in power dynamics. This can have damaging effects on parenting, relationship, and child development. As technology evolves, generations of children and parents change their knowledge, skills, comfort, and expectations about using technology.

Shin et al. advocate for a life-course perspective in future technology design to promote parent-child relationships. Technology design should be responsive to the dynamic environment and transactional nature of relationships, and designers should be aware of technology’s role and provide timely suggestions. The family life course development approach provides a theoretical lens for designing technology that incorporates a family’s transactional nature, assuming that the family’s developmental process is inevitable and that individuals’ lives change dynamically over time. This theory explains how families interconnect and transmit their assets and disadvantages to the next generation.

What are 4 parenting styles and how do they relate to child development?

There are four main parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and neglectful. Each style can be used in different situations, such as when safety is at stake or when a teenager needs help. Parents should recognize their own limits and give themselves a break when they are their best self. Authoritative parenting is considered the ideal style due to its combination of warmth and flexibility, while still ensuring that the parents are in charge.

Children of authoritative parents know what is expected of them, and their parents explain reasons for the rules and consequences for breaking them. They also listen to their child’s opinions, but the parent remains the ultimate decision maker. It is essential for parents to give themselves a break and recognize their own limits when implementing these parenting styles.

How parenting styles impact development?

Good parenting involves meeting children’s needs according to cultural standards, starting in the first year of life and progressing gradually. Positive parenting is essential for a child’s maturity and cognitive development, as well as emotional regulation. Negative parenting can lead to depression and social and cultural issues. Parenting styles, such as authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved, have a psychological effect on a child’s behavior.

The content published in Cureus is the result of clinical experience and research by independent individuals or organizations. Cureus is not responsible for the scientific accuracy or reliability of data or conclusions published herein. All content is intended for educational, research, and reference purposes and should not be considered a substitute for the advice of a qualified health care professional. The authors have declared no competing interests.

How do parenting styles affect child development?

Good parenting involves meeting children’s needs according to cultural standards, starting in the first year of life and progressing gradually. Positive parenting is essential for a child’s maturity and cognitive development, as well as emotional regulation. Negative parenting can lead to depression and social and cultural issues. Parenting styles, such as authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved, have a psychological effect on a child’s behavior.

The content published in Cureus is the result of clinical experience and research by independent individuals or organizations. Cureus is not responsible for the scientific accuracy or reliability of data or conclusions published herein. All content is intended for educational, research, and reference purposes and should not be considered a substitute for the advice of a qualified health care professional. The authors have declared no competing interests.

Who developed parenting styles?

In the 1960s, psychologist Diana Baumrind identified three main parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive. A fourth style, neglectful, was added in the 1980s by Stanford researchers Eleanor Maccoby and John Martin. Baumrind later wrote a book on the authoritative parenting style, which she believed was the most beneficial. All four parenting styles remain in place today.

Authoritarian parenting is the first of the four, often described as dictatorial and overbearing. Parents respond to questions with “Because I said so!” and expect obedience without giving a reason. Rules are strict, with no room for interpretation, compromise, or discussion. Punishments for violating rules are severe. Children are rarely given a say in their lives and are expected to obey without question. Punishments are often used to ensure obedience, and affection is given sparingly. This approach can have damaging consequences for a child that can follow them into adulthood.

Where do parenting styles come from?

In the 1960s, psychologist Diana Baumrind identified three main parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive. A fourth style, neglectful, was added in the 1980s by Stanford researchers Eleanor Maccoby and John Martin. Baumrind later wrote a book on the authoritative parenting style, which she believed was the most beneficial. All four parenting styles remain in place today.

Authoritarian parenting is the first of the four, often described as dictatorial and overbearing. Parents respond to questions with “Because I said so!” and expect obedience without giving a reason. Rules are strict, with no room for interpretation, compromise, or discussion. Punishments for violating rules are severe. Children are rarely given a say in their lives and are expected to obey without question. Punishments are often used to ensure obedience, and affection is given sparingly. This approach can have damaging consequences for a child that can follow them into adulthood.

What are the developmental concepts of parenting style?

Baumrind (1966, 1967, 1971) is a pioneer in research into parenting styles, introducing a typology of three parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive. Authoritarian parents shape, control, and evaluate their children’s behavior based on absolute standards, while permissive parents are warmer and more autonomy-granting than controlling. Baumrind considered an authoritative parenting style to fall between these two extremes.

Maccoby and Martin attempted to bridge Baumrind’s typology and parenting dimensions by defining four parenting styles: authoritative (high demandingness and high responsiveness), authoritarian (high demandingness and low responsiveness), indulgent (low demandingness and high responsiveness), and neglectful (low demandingness and low responsiveness).

Maccoby and Martin’s research primarily focused on the configuration of parenting styles and their association with children’s development. Baumrind has extensively studied the association between parenting styles and child development, consistently showing that youth of authoritative parents had the most favorable development outcomes; authoritarian and permissive parenting were associated with negative developmental outcomes; and children of neglectful parents were the poorest.

An authoritative parenting style has consistently been associated with positive developmental outcomes in youth, such as psychosocial competence, academic achievement, and academic achievement. Permissive/indulgent parenting has been inconsistent, yielding associations with internalizing and externalizing problem behavior, but also with social skills, self-confidence, self-understanding, and active problem coping.

Baumrind’s typology was initially determined on theoretical grounds, but with time she conducted empirical validation research. Empirical studies always started with parenting styles predefined in a prototypical score profile, using cut-off scores for these predefined parenting styles. However, this confirmatory approach is not preferred to investigate parenting styles types, as it does not allow the identification of naturally occurring typologies.

To empirically identify typologies in a certain population, an exploratory clustering approach is needed. This involves assessing persons on different variables and identifying patterns that naturally occur in the data. Persons with a similar score profile are classified in the same cluster, while those with distinctly different profile scores are classified into other clusters.

Researchers have generally identified three or four parenting styles that resemble the initial theoretical parenting styles about 15 to 20 years ago.

How does technology affect learning styles?

Technology has become a crucial tool in teaching, enabling students to develop critical thinking skills, learn new concepts, and express their ideas. It also accommodates the three main learning styles: visual, auditory, and kinesthetic. Teachers can use technological tools like computers, laptops, projects, or iPads to supplement traditional lecture teaching. Visual learning students learn best through reading directions or demonstrations, often using pictures, diagrams, and charts to visualize concepts and facts.